Duncan appears to have been tánaise ríg, the king in waiting, so that far from being an abandonment of tanistry, as has sometimes been argued, his kingship was a vindication of the practice. Malcolm II's grandson Duncan (Donnchad mac Crínáin), later King Duncan I, was acclaimed as king of Alba on 30 November 1034, apparently without opposition. Máel Coluim son of Cináed, king of Alba, the honour of western Europe, died. The Prophecy of Berchán, apparently alone in near-contemporary sources, says Malcolm died a violent death, calling it a "kinslaying" without actually naming his killers. Whatever the true state of affairs in the early 1030s, it seems more probable that Macbeth was subject to the king of Alba, Malcolm II, who died at Glamis, on 25 November 1034. Some have seen this as a sign of Macbeth's power others have seen his presence, together with Iehmarc, who may be Echmarcach mac Ragnaill, as proof that Malcolm II was overlord of Moray and of the Kingdom of the Isles. Malcolm, king of the Scots, submitted to him, and became his man, with two other kings, Macbeth and Iehmarc. When Cnut the Great came north in 1031 to accept the submission of King Malcolm II, Macbeth too submitted to him: However, this is speculation arising from the lack of historical certainty regarding the number of daughters Malcolm had. Nigel Tranter, in his novel Macbeth the King, went so far as to portray Macbeth as Thorfinn's half-brother, and Dorothy Dunnett portrays Macbeth and Thorfinn as a single individual (Macbeth being a baptismal name) in the novel " King Hereafter. He was possibly also a cousin to Thorfinn the Mighty, Earl of Orkney and Caithness. Some sources make Macbeth a grandson of King Malcolm II and thus a cousin to Duncan I, whom he succeeded. An alternative proposed derivation is that it is a corruption of macc-bethad meaning "one of the elect". Although it has the appearance of a Gaelic patronymic it does not have any meaning of filiation but instead carries an implication of "righteous man" or "religious man". The name Mac Bethad, from which the anglicised "MacBeth" is derived, means "son of life". in Modern Gaelic, and anglicised as Macbeth MacFinlay (also spelled Findlay, Findley, or Finley). This is realised as Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 15: attempt to call field 'length' (a nil value). Macbeth's full name in Medieval Gaelic was Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 15: attempt to call field 'length' (a nil value). 5.1 William Shakespeare's depiction and its influence.However, Shakespeare's Macbeth is based on Holinshed's Chronicles (published in 1577) and is not historically accurate. Macbeth is today best known as the main character of William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth and the many works it has inspired. Macbeth was initially succeeded by his stepson Lulach, but Lulach ruled for only a few months before also being killed by Malcolm III, whose descendants would rule Scotland until the late 13th century. He was buried on Iona, the traditional resting place of Scottish kings. Macbeth was killed at the Battle of Lumphanan in 1057 by forces loyal to the future Malcolm III. His 17-year reign was mostly peaceful, although in 1054 he was faced with an English invasion, led by Siward, Earl of Northumbria, on behalf of Edward the Confessor. Macbeth succeeded him as King of Alba, apparently with little opposition. In 1040, Duncan I launched an attack into Moray and was killed in action by Macbeth's troops. He subsequently married Gille Coemgáin's widow, Gruoch, although they had no children together. He became Mormaer of Moray – a semi-autonomous lordship – in 1032, and was probably responsible for the death of the previous mormaer, Gille Coemgáin. Little is known about Macbeth's early life, although he was the son of Findláech of Moray and may have been a grandson of Malcolm II. He ruled over only a portion of present-day Scotland. Macbeth (Medieval Gaelic: Mac Bethad mac Findlaích Modern Gaelic: MacBheatha mac Fhionnlaigh English: Macbeth son of Findlay nicknamed Rí Deircc, "the Red King" c. 1005 – August 15, 1057) was the King of Scots from 1040 until his death.
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